动物篇 动物篇

线粒体嵴 III

发布时间:2023-03-28 文章来源:本站原创 阅读量:703

    在超薄切片中,在正常和病理组织中看到显示 C 形、U 形和 O 形轮廓的线粒体,截面呈 O 形的线粒体通常被称为环形线粒体。 这些形式中的可能位于中心或偏心位置,包含细胞质基质和各种结构,例如核糖体、粗面内质网或糖原。如果由于切片的倾斜而无法看到膜,则可能会产生真正的线粒体内包涵体的错误印象。


   The significance of such transformation of mitochondrial morphology is obscure. Since cup-shaped mitochondria have been seen in the liver after administration of various toxic agents, and at times these organelles proceed to the formation of membranous whorls and myelin figures, one could argue that this is a degenerative phenomenon. On the other hand, such mitochondria were considered by Rosenbaum et al. (1969) to represent an adaptive change in the lungs of rats treated with various concentrations of oxygen, and evidence was presented that this change may be reversible. Others (Stephens and Bils, 1965) have seen an analogy between the cup-shaped mitochondrion and the mitochondria associated with lipid droplets. In the latter instance the mitochondrion spreads out over a lipid droplet and assumes a cup-shaped form, and this, as we have noted, seems to be a functionally meaningful relationship (see page 222). Hence, one can argue that, since in the cup-shaped mitochondrion there is an increase in the mitochondrial surface and a more extensive or close relationship between the mitochondrion and cytoplasmic structures, this may facilitate exchanges between the cytoplasm and the mitochondrion.

    中毒后在肝脏中发现了杯状线粒体,并且有时这些细胞器会形成膜轮和髓鞘结构,因此有人认为这是一种退化现象。 另一方面,Rosenbaum 等人研究了这种线粒体(1969) ,并且研究表明这种变化可能是可逆的。 其他研究者(Stephens Bils1965)则认为杯形线粒体与脂滴相关的线粒体之间的类比。 在后一种情况下,线粒体在脂滴上展开并呈杯状,正如我们已经提到由于在杯形线粒体中线粒体表面增加,线粒体与细胞质结构之间的关系更广泛或更密切,这可能促进细胞质与线粒体之间的交换。

Fig. 1. A mitochondrion showing a U-shaped profile. X 32 000 Fig. 2. An irregular shaped mitochondrion: one end of the mitochondrion presents as a C-shaped profile, the other end an O-shaped profile. X 25000 Fig. 3. A C-shaped mitochondrial profile. Note the narrow opening through which continuity of cytoplasmic structures is maintained. X 29 000 Figs. 4 and 5. 'Ring forms' with centrally placed 'holes'. X 34000; X 48000 Figs. 6 and 7. 'Ring forms' with eccentrically placed 'holes'. X 29000 X 40000

      1. 显示 U 形轮廓的线粒体。 X 32 000

    图 2. 不规则形状的线粒体:线粒体的一端呈 C 形轮廓,另一端呈 O 形轮廓。 X 25000

    图 3. C 形线粒体轮廓。 注意保持细胞质结构连续性的狭窄开口。 X 29 000

    图4 5. 带有居中环形 X 34000 X 48000

    图6 7. 带有偏心放置的环形 X 29000 X 40000


From the adrenal cortex of a normal cow (Ghadially and Ailsby, unpublished electron micrographs).

Fig. 1. Numerous mitochondria with crescentric or concentric cristae, demarcating a circular area of mitochondrial matrix, are evident. X 23 000 Fig. 2. Two 'doughnut' mitochondria (A and B) and a mitochondrion (C) with a crescentric crista are present. It is evident that in certain planes of sectioning C would present an image similar to that seen at A or B. X 35000 Figs. 3 and 4. Another 'ring-shaped mitochondrion' with a large central 'hole', and a mitochondrion with two 'holes'. X 53 000; X 46 000

     来自正常奶牛的肾上腺皮质。

    图 1. 许多具有新月形或环嵴的线粒体明显地划定了线粒体基质的圆形区域。 X 23 000

    图 2. 存在两个环形线粒体(A B)和一个带有新月形嵴的线粒体(C)。 很明显,在剖面 C 的某些平面中,会出现类似于在 A B 处看到的图像。 X 35000

    图3 4. 另一个带有大中央环形线粒体和带有两个的线粒体。 X 53 000 X 46 000